This paper attempts to evaluate the innovative and technological potential of the Russian economy, to develop indicators and approaches to the diagnosis of the true potential of Russia, without claiming their infallibility non-alternativity. The principles of innovation and technological potential of the Russian economy are considered. It is noted that the biggest challenge that requires active government behavior is the national competitiveness, as an integrated feature of the whole economic system. Under post-industrial transformation the core of effective economic development and modernization of the Russian industry, that is national competitiveness, should be clusters of enterprises.

This paper attempts to evaluate the innovative and technological potential of the Russian economy, to develop indicators and approaches to the diagnosis of the true potential of Russia, without claiming their infallibility non-alternativity. The principles of innovation and technological potential of the Russian economy are considered. It is noted that the biggest challenge that requires active government behavior is the national competitiveness, as an integrated feature of the whole economic system. Under post-industrial transformation the core of effective economic development and modernization of the Russian industry, that is national competitiveness, should be clusters of enterprises.